Rational use of antibiotics in the context of china s. Promoting the rational use of medicines incorporating rational use topics into preservice training curricula ensuring that preservice training programs for pharmacists and other health professionals includes robust rational use curricula is a primary way siaps aims to build incountry capacity to responsibly manage medicines. Essential drugs are drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population. Patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and the lowest cost to them and their community. A retrospective study with the aim of evaluating the current rational use of veterinary drugs was conducted at college of veterinary. Rethinking the science of addiction tuesday, may 6, 2014. Irrational use of medicinesa summary of key concepts mdpi. Or inappropiate use, appropriate use, rational use, irrational use, misuse and for drug resistance drug or multidrug or extensive or extensively or drug and resistance or resistant. Managing for rational medicine use management sciences for health. The international network for rational use of drugs inrud. More than half of all mothers surveyed in this nationally representative sample had given their 3yearolds an otc medication, primarily tylenol or cough or cold medicines, in the past 30 days. Benefits of rational and ethical use and the harm of overuse and misuse for nonmedical, specially for cosmetic purposes, should be clearly conveyed before penning a prescription involving tc. Assessment of drug use pattern using who prescribing.
The rational use of drugs requires that patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements for an adequate period of time, at the lowest cost to them and their community. In other words, that decisionmaking process varies from user to user and from addict to addict in nuanced ways. Advances in medications have enabled doctors to cure many diseases and save lives. Define rational use of medicines and identify the magnitude of the problem. The addict chooses to use drugs when others wouldnt. Overuse, polypharmacy and incorrect use of drugs are the most common problems of drug use today. A power point presentation for medical undergraduate students on rational use of medicines. Prepare a list of medication use problems to be referred to in the activities section that follows.
In 1985, the who convened a meeting of experts on the rational use of drugs. Appropriate drug utilization has a huge contribution to global reduction in morbidity and mortality with its consequent medical, social and economic benefits. The world bank has also defined rational medicine use as comprising two key principles. The study was a cross sectional prospective survey. The definition implies that rational use of drugs, especially rational prescribing, should meet certain criteria as follows. Essential medicine list concept and rational use of medicine for bns 1st year dr.
Rational use of drugs against plasmodium falciparum pdf. The concept of rational use of medicine can at times be confusing and. The term rational drug useis in this overview limited to the medical therapeutic view accepted at the who conference of 1985 in nairobi. The rational use of drugs requires that patients receive medicines appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and the community. The study was aimed to evaluate rational drug use based on whocore drug use indicators in dilchora referral. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rational use of antihypertensive drugs in public healthcare facilities in kano, nigeria and to administer intervention where necessary. Rational principles of psychopharmacology for therapists. Increase in the number of drugs available has incredibly complicated the choice of appropriate drug for particular indication.
The definition implies that rational use of drugs, especially rational prescribing should meet certain criteria as follows. Operational research related to rational use of drugs. Government and pharmacist in promoting rational drug use. The situation is worse in developing countries, with less than 40% of patients in the public sector and less than 30% in the private sector being treated. Rational use of drugs is an appropriate prescribing, marketing, and use. A key distinguishing feature of the international network for rational use of drugs is its multidisciplinary focus on drug use and behaviour change linking. Essential drug concept and rational use of medicines. Factors that have led sudden realization for rational drug use are. Rational use of medicines requires that patients receive medications. Rational use of drugs in veterinary medicine has numerous benefits, such as increasing efficacy, decreasing the potential adverse effects, reducing risk of drug residue and combating development of microorganisms drug resistance. Rational use of medicines requires that patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community. Drug addicts as rational actors foundation for economic. These drugs are necessary to treat most of the more serious and frequent diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the drug prescription patterns at the medical outpatient pharmacy of hawassa university teaching and referral hospital, using some of the who core drug use indicators.
The decision to prescribe drugs is entirely based on medical rationale and the drug therapy is an effective and safe treatment. Outline definition of rational use of medicines rationale behind rational use of medicines reasons of irrational use of drugs dangers of irrational drug use steps to be taken for rational use of drugs conclusion 051915rational use of drugs. The rational use of drugs requires that patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own. Rational drug use is well recognized as an important part of health policy. The purpose of this study is to highlight the rational use of antibiotics and limitation of microbial resistance. This session serves as an introduction to the entire issue of promoting rational use of drugs in developing countries.
Irrational use of medicinesa summary of key concepts. Rational principles of psychopharmacology for therapists, healthcare providers and clients peter r. Rational and ethical use of topical corticosteroids based on. The abuse of antibiotics as well as the development of microbial resistance in them is a global phenomenon. This report offers a consensus opinion on the rational administration of gi protectants to dogs and cats, with an emphasis on. Many studies have been done to document drug use patterns, and indicate that overprescribing, multidrug prescribing, misuse of drugs, use of unnecessary expensive drugs and overuse of antibiotics and injections are the most common problems of irrational drug use by prescribers as well as consumers. The conference of experts on the rational use of drugs, convened by the world health organization who in nairobi in 1985, defined rational use as follows. It may be rational, for example, for a drug seller to sell antibiotics without a. Pravin prasad 1st year resident, md clinical pharmacology institute of medicine, maharajgunj, kathmandu 1st december, 2015 mangsir 14, 2072, tuesday general pharmacology 2.
Essential drug concept and rational use of medicines 1. Evaluation of rational drug use based on world health. Rational use of drugs in hypertensive outpatients of. Evaluation of factors associated with irrational drug use in the regression model, factors used to assess irrational drug use were age, sex and the number of drugs prescribed. Rational use of drugs refers to the use of right medicine, in right dosage, for right ailment for a right period of time and at right price. Define rational drug use rdu and describe specific.
According to a fact sheet by who may, 2010 about the rational use of medicines, more than 50% of all medicines are not correctly prescribed, dispensed, and sold. The definition of rational use will be discussed, and a description of irrational drug use will build on that definition, with common examples highlighted. Although taking drugs at any age can lead to addiction, research shows that the earlier a person begins to use drugs, the more likely he or she is to develop serious problems. Rational use of antibiotics in the context of china s health. Rational drug use attained more significance nowadays in terms of medical, socio economical and legal aspect. Drugs, brains, and behavior the science of addiction. Rational use of drugs requires that patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements for an adequate period of time, and the lowest cost to them. Pdf chapter 2 rational drug use israr shah academia. The search strategy was supplemented by hand searching reference lists of identified. Despite the complexity of drug use, a number of indicators have been developed, standardized and evaluated by the world health organization who.
The situation is worse in developing countries, with less than 40% of patients in the public sector and less than 30% in the private sector being treated according to. The steps of appropriate selection, procurement, and distribution are necessary precursors to the rational use of medicines. The selection of essential medicines is only one step. The first page of the pdf of this article appears above. The study was a cross sectional prospective survey involving 600 patients from six public healthcare facilities 100 from each selected by multistage sampling technique. The irrational use of drugs is a problem, and to manage it the world health organization who convened an international.
Evaluation of rational use of veterinary drugs especially. The first steps taken towards rud were the description of essential drugs and national drug policy concepts by the world health assembly in 1975 world health organization, 1975. Essential drugs and medicines policy who geneva objectives define rational use of medicines and identify the magnitude of the problem understand the reasons underlying irrational use discuss strategies and interventions to promote rational use of medicines discuss the role of government, ngos. Pdf intervention research in rational use of drugs. May 17, 2012 a conference of experts on the rational use of drugs, convened by the world health organization in nairobi in 1985 defined that. The rational use of an effective antimalarial drug not only reduces the risk of severe disease and death and shortens the duration of the illness, but also contributes to slowing down the development of the parasites resistance to antimalarial drugs. The session addresses the impacts, as well as the underlying factors, of. Use of arvs is one component of the full pharmaceutical pharmaceutical management cycle rational use it is it is critical for program success. As a global issue, rational drug use is a multifaceted subject. The rational use of antibiotics medicine abstract introduction. Pharmacy free fulltext irrational use of medicinesa. Ten years after, during the conference of experts on rational use of drugs in. A key distinguishing feature of the international network for rational use of drugs is its multidisciplinary focus on drug use and behaviour change. Misuse of drugs, different hazards of drugs, us fda reports, who reports, irrational use of drugs, reasons for irrational use of drugs.
The international network for rational use of drugs is a network of multiinstitutional groups that share a common vision for promoting the safe, effective, and costeffective use of medicines. Oct 14, 2015 rational drug use attained more significance nowadays in terms of medical, socio economical and legal aspect. Any deviation from these could be called irrational use. The results revealed that a oneunit upward adjustment in drug use increased the odds of using antibiotics by 2.
Rational use of antibiotics in the context of chinas health system reform despite improvements in antibiotic use in tertiary hospitals, problems remain in other parts of the health system, say ping he and colleagues c hina spends a high proportion of its total health expenditure on drugs. Rational and ethical use of topical corticosteroids based. Antimicrobials are commonly prescribed drugs in pediatrics with respiratory tract. The rational use of drugs requires that patients receive medica. A conference of experts on the rational use of drugs, convened by the world health organization in nairobi in 1985 defined that. Selfmedication practices and rational drug use habits. There are many different types and causes of irrational use. Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide. Rational use of overthecounter medications in young children. Simultaneous efforts to use political, legal, and other institutions to prevent misuse of these drugs by rationing their availability only through proper. The study was aimed to evaluate rational drug use based on whocore drug use.
The gastrointestinal gi mucosal barrier is continuously exposed to noxious toxins, reactive oxygen species, microbes, and drugs, leading to the development of inflammatory, erosive, and ultimately ulcerative lesions. Transactions of the royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene 200195,345346 rational use of drugs against d. This session serves as an introduction to the entire issue of promoting rational use of drugs in the developing countries. The consequences of irrational drug use are poor health health outcomes and increased health care costs.
Selfmedication practices and rational drug use habits among. Rational use of drugs in hypertensive outpatients of public. The study by kogan et al 1 in this issue of the journal documents the high nationwide prevalence of overthecounter otc drug use among young children. Introduction rational use of drugs can be defined as prescribing the right drug, in sufficient dose for the adequate duration and suitable to the clinical requirements of the patients at least cost.
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