Flexor digitorum profundus originates in the upper 34 of the anterior and medial surfaces of the ulna, interosseous membrane and deep fascia of the forearm. Flexor digitorum profundus iii, iv peripheral nerve surgery. The flexor digitorum profundus is a muscle in the forearm of humans that flexes the fingers also. Avulsion injuries of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon abstract avulsions of the. Flexor digitorum profundus muscle origin, insertion, innervation. It took its origin from the under surface of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle just distal to the origin of this muscle from medial epicondyle. Although various repair techniques have been described, none has emerged as superior to others. Flexor digitorum profundus fdp makes up the third layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm along with flexor pollicis longus. Flexor digitorum profundus medical definition merriam. The flexor digitorum longus also flexor digitorum longus muscle, latin. Traumatic avulsions of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon are usually presented in young adults engaged in athletic activities like football. The most challenging injuries are those in zone ii of the finger where both the flexor digitorum profundus fdp and flexor digitorum superficialis fds are found in close apposition within the confines of the fibroosseous flexor tunnel. The deeper layers of the anti brachial flexor mass become the flexor digitorum profundus and the flexor pollicis longus fig. The flexor digitorum profundus or flexor digitorum profundus muscle, latin.
The flexor digitorum profundus muscle has its origin on the proximal half of the anterior ulna and. Flexor digitorum profundus muscle origin, insertion. At the wrist, it splits into four tendons, that pass through the carpal tunnel. Flexor digitorum superficialis trigger point diagram, pain patterns and related medical symptoms. Distal to the metatarsophalangeal join the tendons enter fibrous sheaths with the respective flexor digitorum tendon which lie superficial. Extrinsic causes for rupture are due to abnormalities of the carpus as fracture, tumor, or deforming arthritis, leading to fraying of the tendon against rough cortex or bone spikes and attritional tendon rupture 8, 12, 19, 30. The muscle originates in the upper part of the ulna bone. Flexor digitorum superficialis medical definition merriam. Flexor digitorum profundus muscle definition of flexor. Flexor digitorum longus muscle attachments, actions.
In the upper image, the flexor digitorum superficialis has been partially reflected laterally to fully expose the new. Rupture of the flexor digitorum superficialis medscape. Choose from 148 different sets of flexor digitorum profundus flashcards on quizlet. This diagram also shows the triggerpoint and referred pain for the flexor digitorum profundus. Be sure to read this lesson to find out how and why the flexor digitorum profundus is so important, as well as. The muscle fans out into four tendons one to each of the second to fifth fingers to the palmar base of the distal phalanx. Flexor digitorum profundus how is flexor digitorum. Closed flexor tendon ruptures in the midsubstance rarely occur in healthy adults and usually are subject to an underlying pathologic condition. Flexor digitorum profundus radiology reference article. Traumatic rupture of the profundus tendon proximal to the.
Traumatic flexor tendon ruptures are rare in patients without rheumatoid arthritis. Median anterior interosseous, muscular branches of ulnar. The term digitorum is from the latin digitus, which originally meant the pointing thing, a term that is similar to the sanskrit word dic meaning to show or point out. Flexor digitorum profundus questions and study guide. Medical definition of flexor digitorum superficialis. The knowledge on the anatomical variations of the deep flexor muscles is important due to its evolutionary significance. Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle origin, anatomy. The flexor digitorum profundus is a muscle in the forearm of humans that flexes the fingers also known as digits. Spontaneous rupture of a flexor digitorum profundus tendon at. It arises from the upper threefourths of the volar and medial surfaces of the body of the ulna, embracing the insertion of the brachialis above, and extending below to within a short distance of the pronator quadratus. Flexor digitorum longus painsymptomscausestreatment. Ebraheims educational animated video describes the anatomy of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle. The flexor digitorum profundus muscle originates from the ulna, which is the long bone on the pinkyside of the forearm.
Meaning of flexor digitorum profundus muscle medical term. The flexor digitorum superficialis is an extrinsic muscle that allows the four medial fingers of the hand to flex. The function of the flexor digitorum longus muscle is to facilitate movement of the foot. In gibbons and orangutans, an additional origin on the humerus was observed deniker, 1885. The flexor digitorum profundus is the deep flexor muscle of the forearm. The flexor digitorum superficialis is a muscle that helps to flex your fingers. Flexor digitorum profundus definition of flexor digitorum. A case of closed flexor digitorum profundus tendon rupture in the palm, proximal to the lumbrical origin, is presented. The myofascial pain pattern has pain locations that are displayed in red and associated trigger points shown as xs. Increased attention to injuries acquired during this form of activity is suggested. The flexor indicis profundus its morphology and clinical. The vascular anatomy of the flexor digitorum profundus fdp tendon insertion is described by using a vascular injection and modified spalteholtz tissue clearing protocol in 36 human cadaver digits.
Flexor digitorum profundus muscle synonyms, flexor digitorum profundus muscle pronunciation, flexor digitorum profundus muscle translation, english dictionary definition of flexor digitorum profundus muscle. The flexor digitorum profundus muscle is found in the deep layer of the anterior forearm. Unclassified avulsion injury of the flexor digitorum. The flexor digitorum longus originates from the posterior surface of the tibia, below the soleal line. Clinical outcomes after repair and rehabilitation of flexor digitorum profundus. A consistent dense palmar and dorsal vascular supply to the tendon at its insertion into the distal phalanx was observed based on sources from both. The flexor digitorum profundus lies directly beneath the flexor digitorum superficialis. From this broad origin, the muscle takes an inferior course towards the hand. Originates from the ulna and associated interosseous membrane.
Mar 22, 20 the flexor digitorum superficialis is the most common muscle, followed by the flexor digitorum profundus, to show anatomical variations. Looking for online definition of flexor digitorum profundus muscle in the medical dictionary. Picture demonstrating paralysis of the flexor digitorum profundus to. This allows it to flex the digits individually at their proximal interphalangeal. Origin medial olecranon, upper three quarters of anterior and medial surface of ulna as far round as subcutaneous. Origin medial olecranon, upper three quarters of anterior and medial surface of ulna as far round as subcutaneous border and narrow strip of interosseous membrane.
It is the only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers. Find out in this lesson as you go over the origin, insertion, and actions of the flexor digitorum. Rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon of the small. Flexor digitorum profundus muscle an overview sciencedirect. In this report the authors present a case of pure avulsion of the fdp with tendon retraction to the level of pip type ii and concomitant transverse fracture to. Flexor digitorum profundus ruptures are rare in baseball, but are common injuries in contact sports. Note that flexor digitorum profundus to the index can provide independent motion if there is an independent muscle belly. Thorough patient evaluation revealed no associated tendinous or bony pathology. Be sure to read this lesson to find out how and why the flexor. The flexor digitorum profundus fdp tendon travels along the volar side of the palm and finger and passes distally through a split in the flexor digitorum superficialis fds tendon to insert at the base of the distal phalanx figure 1 and figure 2. Learn flexor digitorum profundus with free interactive flashcards. However, flexor digitorum profundus to the long, ring, and small fingers always have a common muscle belly. In english this muscles name is the deep muscle that bends the fingers.
Attach to the distal phalanges of the four fingers. The flexor digitorum superficialis is the most common muscle, followed by the flexor digitorum profundus, to show anatomical variations. These fingers include the index, middle, ring, and pinkie fingers. A 32yearold man had a sharp laceration of the fds and fdp tendons of the right index finger in zone 2. Accessory head of flexor pollicis longus muscle and its.
The brevis tendon then splits allowing the longus tendon to pass through and reach its insertion at the base of the distal phalanx. Together the flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, and flexor digitorum profundus form the deep layer of ventral forearm muscles. Repair was done 3 days after injury, and the patient was begun on the chow protocol. Proximal 34 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane insertion. Review article avulsion injuries of the flexor digitorum. The flexor digitorum profundus muscle is a vitally important muscle to daily life. Mar 24, 2015 the flexor digitorum profundus helps flex the fingers. Download scientific diagram illustration of the muscle origin red and. Vascular anatomy of the human flexor digitorum profundus. A comparison of the origin upper image and insertion lower image of the flexor digiti minimi longus. The word flexor comes from the latin flectere meaning to bend. The muscle is named from latin, meaning deep bender of the fingers.
It is innervated by the ulnar and anterior interosseous nerves. The flexor digitorum profundus helps flex the fingers. The fplah arose mainly from the under surface of flexor digitorum superficialis, while the fdpah took its origin from the under surface of flexor digitorum. As the tendons emerge from the carpal canal, the lumbrical muscles take origin from the flexor digitorum profundus tendons and travel distally to insert into. Flexor digitorum longus pain can occur with a trip and fall on uneven surface when the toes are not able to grip the surface totally. Four long tendons come off this muscle near the wrist and travel through the carpal tunnel formed by the flexor retinaculum. Illustration of the muscle origin red and insertions blue, and. Rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon of the small finger yishiong hang, md, david wei hang, md, tangkue liu, md, and shengmou hou, md, phd the american journal of sports medicine 2017 30. The ulnar collateral ligament of elbow joint gives its origin to part of this muscle. The flexor digitorum profundus is situated on the ulnar side of the forearm, immediately beneath the superficial flexors. Here we discuss its origin, insertion, innervation and function. Mallet injuries are the most common closed tendon injury in the athlete. Mar 27, 2015 the flexor digitorum superficialis is an extrinsic muscle that allows the four medial fingers of the hand to flex. Anatomy of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle everything.
The flexor digitorum profundus is a deep flexor muscle of the forearm, it is a flexor of the wrist and the metacarpophalangeal and the. It is considered an extrinsic hand muscle because it acts on the hand while its muscle belly is located in the forearm. The flexor digitorum profundus is a deep flexor muscle of the forearm, it is a flexor of the wrist and the metacarpophalangeal and the interphalangeal joints. The main function of flexor digitorum superficialis is flexion of the digits 25 at the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints. Flexor digitorum profundus originates from four sites. It inserts at the distal phalanges in the tips of the fingers. These tendons, along with those of flexor digitorum profundus, are enclosed by a common flexor sheath. Structural diversity of the extensor digitorum profundus muscle. Jm huntera microvascular study of the human flexor tendons in the digital fibrous sheathnormal blood vessel arrangement of tendons and the effects. Unlike the flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis has independent muscle slips for all four digits.
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